Measures of the ecological loudness of speech

Forfattere

  • Mary Florentine Communication Research Laboratory; Dept. of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and Institute for Hearing, Speech, and Language; Communications and Digital Processing Center, ECE Department Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115 USA
  • Michael Epstein Auditory Modeling and Processing Laboratory; Dept. of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and Institute for Hearing, Speech, and Language; Communications and Digital Processing Center, ECE Department Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115 USA

Resumé

Most laboratory studies of binaural loudness summation show ample amounts of summation (e.g., a tone presented binaurally is clearly louder than the same tone presented monaurally), but classroom demonstrations of this phenomenon in typical daily environments yield negligible loudness summation for most listeners. To gain insight into this difference, experiments were performed with different degrees of ecological validity. Statistical analysis indicates that the most ecologically valid condition results in less binaural loudness summation than traditional laboratory procedures. Implications for normal-hearing listeners and impaired listeners with hearing aids are discussed.

Referencer

Choe, C. S., Welsh, R. B., Gilford, R.M., and Juola, J. F. (1975). "The ventriloquist effect: Visual dominance or response bias?" Percept. Psychophys., 18(1), 55-60.

Cox, R. M., Alexander, G.C., Taylor, I.M., and Gray, G. A. (1997). "The contour test of loudness perception" Ear. Hear., 18(5), 388-400.

Epstein, M. and Florentine, M. (2009). "Binaural loudness summation for speech and tones presented via earphones and loudspeakers" Ear. Hear., 30(2), 234-237. Fastl, H. and Florentine, M. (2011). Loudness in Daily Environments. Loudness. M. Florentine (Ed.), New York, Springer.

Florentine, M. and Epstein, M. (2006) “Why classroom demonstrations of binaural loudness summation fail,” Proc. IHCON International Hearing Aid Research Conference.

Florentine, M. and Epstein, M. (2010) “Ecological loudness: Binaural loudness constancy” 20th International Congress on Acoustics. Sydney, Australia.

Hellman, R. P. (1991). Loudness scaling by magnitude scaling: Implications for intensity coding. Ratio Scaling of Psychological Magnitude: In Honor of the Memory of S. S. Stevens. G. A. Gescheider and S. J. Bolanowski. Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum: 215-228.

Marks, L. E. (1978). "Binaural summation of the loudness of pure tones" J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 64, 107-113.

Marozeau, J., Epstein, M., Florentine, M., and Daley, B. (2006). "A test of the binaural equal-loudness-ratio hypothesis for tones" J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 120(6), 3870-3877.

Marozeau, J. and Florentine, M. (2007). "Loudness growth in individual listeners with hearing losses: a review" J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 122(3), EL81.

McGurk, H. and McDonald, J. (1976). "Hearing lips and seeing voices" Nature, 264, 746-748.

Mohrmann, K. (1939). "Lautheitskonstanz im Eutfernungswechsel" Zeitschr. f. Psychologie, 145, 145-199.

Reynolds, G. S. and Stevens, S. S. (1960). "Binaural summation of loudness" J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 32, 1337-1344.

Scharf, B. and Fishken, D. (1970). "Binaural summation of loudness: reconsidered" J. Exp. Psych., 86, 374-379.

Schneider, B. A. and Cohen, A. J. (1997). "Binaural additivity of loudness in children and adults" Percept. Psychophys., 59, 655-664.

Smeds, K. and Leijon, A. (2011). Loudness and Hearing Loss. Loudness. M. Florentine (Ed.), New York, Springer.

Sivonen, V. P. and Ellermeier, W. (2011). Binaural Loudness. Loudness. M. Florentine (Ed.), New York, Springer.

Whilby, S., Florentine, M., Wagner, E., and Marozeau, J. (2006). "Monaural and binaural loudness of 5- and 200-ms tones in normal and impaired hearing" J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 119(6), 3931-3939.

Zahorik, P. and F. L. Wightman (2001). "Loudness constancy with varying sound source distance" Nat. Neurosci., 4(1), 78-83.

Zwicker, E. and Zwicker, U. T. (1991). "Dependence of binaural loudness summation on interaural level differences, spectral distribution, and temporal distribution" J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 89(2), 756-764.

Yderligere filer

Publiceret

2011-12-15

Citation/Eksport

Florentine, M., & Epstein, M. (2011). Measures of the ecological loudness of speech. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Auditory and Audiological Research, 3, 89–94. Hentet fra https://proceedings.isaar.eu/index.php/isaarproc/article/view/2011-10

Nummer

Årg. 3 (2011): Speech Perception and Auditory Disorders

Sektion

2011/1. Indicators of hearing impairment and measures of speech perception

Licens

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

a. Authors retain copyright* and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

*From the 2017 issue onward. The Danavox Jubilee Foundation owns the copyright of all articles published in the 1969-2015 issues. However, authors are still allowed to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.