Perceptual effects of ambisonics on room auralization
Abstract
Higher-order Ambisonics (HOA) has been widely used for loudspeaker-based reproduction of static and moving sound sources from arbitrary directions. When Ambisonics is used to reproduce anechoic sound sources, it is known that the achievable directionality is limited and coloration artifacts are introduced. However, it is unclear to what extend HOA affects auditory performance measures when it is applied to reproduce reverberant sounds. In order to investigate this issue, a loudspeaker-based room auralization (LoRA) system was utilized, which was recently developed at the Centre for Applied Hearing Research. Within the LoRA system, HOA is used in different ways to auralize the individual parts of a simulated room impulse response (i.e. direct sound, early re ections, and reverberation). In order to study the effect of HOA on the auditory processing of reverberant sounds, rst, the effect of the applied Ambisonic order on speech intelligibility in noise was investigated and compared to results obtained with “single loudspeaker” auralization. Second, a distance perception experiment was performed to evaluate the entire LoRA processing in comparison to recorded binaural auralization. For these two experiments, listener performance in HOA-generated virtual environments was similar to that of the reference case which represented the “real” environment.
References
Dalenbäck, B. I. (1996). “Room acoustic prediction based on a uni ed treatment of diffuse and specular reflection,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100, 899–909.
Daniel, J., Nicol, R., and Moreau, S. (2003). “Further investigations of high order Ambisonics and wave eld synthesis for holophonic sound imaging,” AES 114th Convention, preprint 5788.
Favrot, S., and Buchholz, J. M. (2009a). “Validation of a loudspeaker-based room auralization system using speech intelligibility measures,” AES 126th Convention, preprint 7763.
Favrot, S., and Buchholz, J. M. (2009b). “Distance perception in loudspeaker-based room auralization,” AES 127th Convention, preprint 7854.
Favrot, S., and Buchholz, J. M. (2010). “LoRA – A loudspeaker-room auralization system,” Acta Acustica/Acustica 96, 364-375.
Gerzon, M. A. (1973). “Periphony - with-height sound reproduction,” J. Audio Eng. Soc. 21, 2-10.
Rindel, J. H., Nielsen, G. B., and Christensen, C. L. (2010). “ODEON website,” www.odeon.dk, last viewed 10/01/2010.
Shirley, B., Kendrick, P., and Churchill, C. (2007). “The effect of stereo crosstalk on intelligibility: comparison of a phantom stereo image and a central loudspeaker source,” J. Audio Eng. Soc. 55, 852-863.
Wagener, K., Josvassen, J. L., and Ardenkjaer, R. (2003). “Design, optimization and evaluation of a Danish sentence test in noise,” Int. J. Audiology 42, 10-17.
Zahorik, P. (2002). “Auditory display of sound source distance,” Proc. Int. Conf. on Auditory Display 326-332.
Zahorik, P., Brungart, D. S., and Bronkhorst, A. W. (2005). “Auditory distance perception in humans: A summary of past and present research,” Acta Acustica/ Acustica 91, 409-420.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain copyright* and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
*From the 2017 issue onward. The Danavox Jubilee Foundation owns the copyright of all articles published in the 1969-2015 issues. However, authors are still allowed to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.